Histories

Henry Thrale's essay on animals

Published in the 'The Gentleman's Magazine' in 1785. It was later reprinted in a collection of Thrale's essays titled 'Fugitive Pieces' in 1789.

Animals are sentient beings who deserve to be treated with kindness and respect. We should never forget that they are capable of feeling pain and suffering just like we are.

There are many reasons why we should be kind to animals. First, they are our fellow creatures. They share this planet with us, and they have the same right to life and happiness as we do. Second, animals play an important role in our ecosystem. They help to control pests, pollinate plants, and disperse seeds. Without animals, our world would be a very different place.

Third, animals can provide us with companionship and love. Pets can bring us great joy and reduce stress. They can also teach us about responsibility and compassion.

Unfortunately, many animals are treated cruelly. They are often neglected, abused, and even killed. This is wrong. We have a moral obligation to treat animals with kindness.

Henry's essay was one of the first of its kind in English. It was a powerful argument for the humane treatment of animals at a time when animal cruelty was widespread. It helped to raise awareness of the issue of animal welfare and to promote a more compassionate attitude towards animals.

Dogs

Leo

A large black Newfoundland dog was given to Hester by her father as a wedding gift. Leo was a beloved member of the Thrale household and was often mentioned in Hester's diary. Of Leo, Hester wrote:

Leo is the best dog in the world. He is so kind and gentle, and he loves everyone. He is also very brave and protective. I am so lucky to have him in my life.

Lewellyn

Samuel Johnson, had a strong affection for this dog and would sometimes engage in playful banter with him. Johnson once remarked that if Lewellyn were to write a book, he would title it "Anecdotes of a Gentleman's Four-Footed Friends."

Chloe

A small white Maltese dog was given to the Thrales by their friend Samuel Johnson. Chloe was a favourite of both Henry and Hester, and she was often seen accompanying them on their travels.

Presto

Fanny Burney wrote in The Diary And Letters Of Madame D'arblay, Volume 1

A bustle with the dog Presto—Mrs. Thrale's favourite—at the entrance of these ladies into the library, prevented any formal reception; but as soon as Mrs. Montagu heard my name, she inquired very civilly after my father.

Pugg

Pugg was a favoured companion in their household.

Flo

Died in August 1779, and the death prompted Hester to write these verses in remembrance.

Belle

Belle was a much loved Spaniel who was depicted in Johann Zoffany's painting of Queeney aged 20 months.

Cats

Kitty

A black cat who was also a favourite of Samuel Johnson. Johnson was so fond of Kitty that on 12 April 1778, he wrote the below poem about her:

Who to dumb forgetfulness a prey,
This pleasing, anxious being, e'er resigned;
Left the warm precincts of the cheerful day,
Nor cast one longing, lingering look behind?
On some fond breast the parting soul relies,
Some pious drops the closing eye requires;
Even from the tomb the voice of Nature cries,
Even in our ashes live their wonted fires.
For thee who, mindful of the unhonoured dead,
Dost in these lines their artless tale relate,
If chance, by lonely Contemplation led,
Some kindred spirit shall inquire thy fate,—
Haply some hoary-headed swain may say,
"Oft have we seen him at the peep of dawn
Brushing with hasty steps the dews away
To meet the sun upon the upland lawn.
There at the foot of yonder nodding beech,
That wreathes its old fantastic roots so high,
His listless length at noontide would he stretch,
And pore upon the brook that babbles by.
Hard by yon wood, now smiling as in scorn,
Muttering his wayward fancies he would rove;
Now drooping, woful, wan, like one forlorn,
Or crazed with care, or crossed in hopeless love.
One morn I missed him on the accustomed hill,
Along the heath, and near his favorite tree;
Another came; nor yet beside the rill,
Nor up the lawn, nor at the wood was he.
The next, with dirges due in sad array
Slow through the churchway path we saw him borne,—
Approach and read (for thou canst read) the lay
Graved on the stone beneath yon aged thorn.

Monkeys

Mungo

A monkey was given to the Thrales by a friend who had returned from India. Mungo was a mischievous creature, but he was also very entertaining.

Parrots

Polly

Polly was known for her longevity and her ability to mimic human speech. She would often engage in lively conversations with the Thrales and their guests. Her presence added a touch of whimsy to the Thrale household, and her mimicking of human speech and laughter was a source of entertainment for those who visited.

Hens and chickens

The Thrales had a small flock of hens and chickens in their garden. Keeping poultry was a common practice during the 18th century, and it provided a source of fresh eggs and entertainment.